Chirayu Medical College & Hospital

Enable tracheobronchial tree visualization and bronchoscopic procedures- bronchial washings, TBNA, TBLB, endobronchial biopsy.

CLINICAL APPLICATIONS

» Evaluation of conditions

» Abnormalities of airway

     Inflammatory conditions of lungs

     Sarcoidosis

     Lymphoma

     Tuberculosis

      Pneumonia

      Fungal or parasitic lung infection

» Lung Cancer Diagnosis

For patients who are not candidates for fibre-optic bronchoscopy, rigid bronchoscopy is the preferred diagnostic and therapeutic technique.

CLINICAL APPLICATION

Tumour Debulking,

Tracheal and bronchial stenosis management Tracheal and bronchial stenting

Hemoptysis management Foreign body retrieval

In this procedure, a thoracoscope (camera) is used to examine the space surrounding the lungs. The camera is inserted via a small hole (1-2 cm) under local anaesthesia and a careful examination of the space is done and biopsies are taken under direct vision as opposed to the blind biopsies done previously.

CLINICAL APPLICATION

Undiagnosed Pleural effusion

Complex pleural effusion and pyothorax management

Inspection of lungs, pleura and mediastinum for evidence of abnormalities.

Lungs are covered by 2 layers of pleura. Fluids, air, blood, pus can accumulate in this potential space due various diseases, causing collapse of the lung. To re-expand the lungs by removing the fluid/air, a small tube is inserted into this cavity. The procedure can also be performed under ultrasound guidance.

Polysomnography, also called a sleep study, is a test used to diagnose sleep disorders. Polysomnography records your brain waves, the oxygen level in your blood, heart rate and breathing, as well as eye and leg movements during the study.

Obstructive sleep apnea,

Snoring, insomnia, restless leg syndrome. Obesity hypoventilation syndrome Breathing difficulty during sleep.

Parasomnias- Narcolepsy, sleep walking etc

The various pulmonary function tests are used to assess the breathing capacity/lung capacity of individuals. A team of experienced and trained technicians perform PFTs in the PFT lab. They are useful in the

diagnosis of conditions like Asthma, ILD, and COPD. They are also used in the assessment of the lung capacity prior to major surgery and air-travel. In addition, it also helps in analysing the effectiveness of medications.

CLINICAL APPLICATION

» Diagnosing and monitoring of lung condition due to respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung disease, bronchitis, emphysema and asthma

» Diagnosing cause of shortness of breath

» Monitoring prognosis

» Assessing the effectiveness of treatment

» Examining the consequences of chemical exposure, resulting in abnormal lung function

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by Mycobacteriumtuberculosis (MTB) bacteria Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body.

The classic symptoms of active TB are a chronic cough with blood- containing sputum, fever, night sweats, and weight loss.

Tuberculosis is spread through the air when people who have active TB in their lungs cough, spit, speak, or sneeze. Active infection occurs more often in people with HIV/AIDS and in those who smoke.

Diagnosis of active TB is based on chest X-rays, as well as microscopic examination and culture of body fluids.

CHEST XRAY

COMPUTERISED TOMOGRAPHY(CT SCAN)

MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF SPUTUM AND BODY FLUIDS CBNAAT/ GENE XPERT

FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY (FNAC) MOUNTOUX TEST

Interstitial lung disease are large group of disorders, most of which cause progressive scarring of lung tissue. The scarring associated with interstitial lung disease eventually affects your ability to breathe and get enough oxygen into your bloodstream.

The primary signs and symptoms of interstitial lung disease are:

» Shortness of breath at rest or aggravated by exertion

» Dry cough

» Interstitial lung disease is much more likely to affect adults, although infants and children sometimes develop the disorder.

» Exposure to occupational and environmental

» Gastroesophageal reflux disease

» Some forms of interstitial lung disease are more likely to occur in people with a history of smoking, and active smoking may make the condition worse, especially if there is associated emphysema.

» Radiation and chemotherapy

» DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF DISEASES

» SARCOIDOIS

» IPF(INTERSTITIAL PULMONARY FIBROSIS) HYPERSENSITIVITY PNEUMONITIS

» VASCULITIS ASSOCIATED ILD’S CONNECTIVE TISSUE RELATED ILD’S.